ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENERGY ENTERPRISES

Abstract

Environmental protection, rational use of natural resources, ensuring the ecological safety of human activities are an integral condition for the sustainable economic and social development of Ukraine. One of the reasons for the occurrence of environmental problems is the impact on the state of the environment of factors that change its quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The work considers the types and analysis of factors that affect longevity. Including an analysis of the sources of origin and the state of factors for further assessment of the actions of energy enterprises.

According to the nature of origin, natural and anthropogenic pollution of the environment are distinguished. Natural pollution (volcanic eruptions, forest fires, weathering, mass reproduction of insects, etc.); anthropogenic pollution is the result of human activity.

Persistent pollutants include those that slowly decompose naturally (plastics, pesticides, polyethylene) or toxic compounds - mercury, lead. Unstable pollutants are neutralized in ecosystems as a result of natural physico-chemical or biological processes. According to nature, pollution factors are divided into four groups: mechanical, physical, chemical and biological. The structural scheme of the system of harmful effects on the surrounding natural environment of polluting substances and fuel combustion products is given and analyzed. The method of conducting pollutant emissions analysis is considered, namely, inventorying, which is mandatory for production associations and industrial enterprises, organizations and institutions that emit pollutants into the atmosphere, regardless of departmental subordination and forms of ownership.