TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENHANCING INFORMATION SECURITY IN COMPUTER NETWORKS

Abstract

This article examines modern technologies for ensuring information security in computer networks, analyzing methods to strengthen data protection against cyber threats and assessing the effectiveness of various security systems. It proposes an integrated approach to developing a comprehensive protection system that includes cryptography, authentication, and access control, along with threat detection and prevention techniques powered by artificial intelligence (AI). Special attention is given to both hardware and software security solutions, as well as the unique challenges and strategies for maintaining security in cloud environments.

The study begins by exploring foundational concepts in network security, such as the importance of cryptographic methods for safeguarding sensitive data, including encryption and hashing techniques. By encoding information, cryptographic systems make data accessible only to authorized users with the correct decryption keys, offering a robust initial layer of defense. Authentication methods, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA) and biometrics, are also examined as essential measures for verifying user identity, thereby preventing unauthorized access.

The article highlights the role of access control systems, which enforce policies determining user permissions within a network. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) are discussed in detail, showcasing how these approaches minimize the risk of unauthorized data access by aligning permissions with organizational roles or specific attributes.

A significant focus is placed on AI-driven threat detection and prevention systems. Machine learning algorithms can analyze network traffic patterns to detect anomalies, which may indicate potential security breaches. This proactive method of identifying suspicious behavior allows systems to react to threats in real time, often mitigating risks before they cause harm.

Finally, the article addresses the growing importance of cloud security. As organizations increasingly rely on cloud services, they must contend with new security considerations, such as shared responsibility between cloud providers and clients. Effective cloud security involves robust encryption, stringent access management, and continuous monitoring to ensure that sensitive data remains protected in a virtualized, highly accessible environment.